Teaching your dog basic obedience commands is one of the most rewarding aspects of pet ownership. Training strengthens your bond, keeps your dog safe, and makes daily life more enjoyable. These five foundation commands work for dogs of all ages and breeds.
'Sit'
Hold a treat close to your dog's nose, then slowly move it up and back over their head. As their head follows the treat, their bottom will naturally lower. Say "sit" the moment they sit, then give the treat and praise. Practice in short sessions — 5–10 reps, then a play break.
'Stay'
Start with your dog in a sit. Open your palm in front of their face and say "stay." Take one step back. If they stay, return and reward. Gradually increase distance and duration. If your dog breaks the stay, start again at a shorter duration.
'Come'
This is the most important safety command. Start indoors with minimal distractions. Say your dog's name followed by "come" in an excited, encouraging voice. When they come to you, reward enthusiastically. Practice with a long leash outdoors before attempting off-leash.
'Down'
Start with your dog in a sit. Hold a treat in your closed fist and let them sniff it. Lower your hand to the floor, and your dog should follow. Slide your hand forward along the ground to encourage them into a lying position. Say "down" as they settle.
'Leave It'
Hold a treat in your closed fist and let your dog sniff. Say "leave it" and wait. The moment they stop trying to get the treat, reward with a different treat from your other hand. This command takes the longest to master but is invaluable for safety.
Training Tips
- Keep sessions short — 5–10 minutes, 2–3 times per day
- Use high-value treats for new commands
- Train in quiet environments first, then add distractions
- End each session with something your dog succeeds at
- Be patient — every dog learns at their own pace