Labrador Retrievers are robust, long-lived dogs with an average lifespan of 10–14 years. While they're healthier than many purebred dogs, responsible owners should be aware of several breed-specific conditions. Early detection and prevention make all the difference.

Hip & Elbow Dysplasia

The single most common orthopedic issue in Labradors. Dysplasia occurs when the ball and socket joint don't fit properly, leading to arthritis and pain over time. Reputable breeders perform OFA or PennHIP evaluations on breeding stock. Warning signs include: bunny-hopping gait, difficulty rising, reluctance to climb stairs, and decreased activity.

Prevention: maintain a lean body condition, avoid excessive jumping during puppyhood, provide joint supplements from middle age onward, and choose low-impact exercise options.

Obesity

Labradors are 2.5 times more likely to be obese than other breeds due to the POMC gene deletion mentioned earlier. Obesity compounds every other health issue — worsening joint problems, increasing diabetes risk, and reducing lifespan by up to 2.5 years. A lean Lab is a healthy Lab: you should be able to feel their ribs with minimal fat covering.

Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC)

EIC is a genetic condition affecting about 15% of Labradors. Affected dogs collapse after 5–15 minutes of intense exercise, especially in warm weather. They remain conscious but lose coordination and muscle control. A DNA test identifies carriers. Management includes avoiding high-intensity exercise in affected dogs.

Ear Infections

Those adorable floppy ears create a warm, moist environment where yeast and bacteria thrive. Clean your Lab's ears weekly with a vet-recommended ear cleaner. Signs of infection: shaking head, scratching ears, redness, odor, or discharge.

Eye Conditions

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) and cataracts can occur in Labradors. Regular veterinary eye exams and genetic testing of breeding stock help reduce incidence. Watch for night blindness, bumping into furniture, or cloudiness in the eyes.

Regular Vet Schedule

  • Puppy (under 1 year): Monthly checkups, vaccination series, spay/neuter discussion
  • Adult (1–7 years): Annual wellness exam, vaccinations, dental check
  • Senior (8+ years): Twice-yearly exams, blood work, dental cleaning, joint evaluation